Completion Archives - Meta | Innovative AI Analytics and Training Software https://www.exploremetakinetic.com/blog/tag/completion/ beyond interactive Fri, 22 May 2020 17:44:58 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.4.1 https://www.exploremetakinetic.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/cropped-Group-1215@2x-1-32x32.png Completion Archives - Meta | Innovative AI Analytics and Training Software https://www.exploremetakinetic.com/blog/tag/completion/ 32 32 Microseismicity-derived fracture network characterization of unconventional reservoirs by topology https://www.exploremetakinetic.com/blog/microseismicity-derived-fracture-network-characterization-of-unconventional-reservoirs-by-topology/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=microseismicity-derived-fracture-network-characterization-of-unconventional-reservoirs-by-topology Wed, 30 May 2018 17:47:05 +0000 http://www.exploremetakinetic.com/?p=442 The advent of horizontal drilling technology, combined with multistaged hydraulic fracturing to create a complex fracture network within the relatively impermeable rock mass, has made natural gas production from tight reservoirs economically feasible. Understanding of the generated fracture network properties, such as its spatial distribution, extension, connection, and ability to percolate, plays a significant role […]

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The advent of horizontal drilling technology, combined with multistaged hydraulic fracturing to create a complex fracture network within the relatively impermeable rock mass, has made natural gas production from tight reservoirs economically feasible. Understanding of the generated fracture network properties, such as its spatial distribution, extension, connection, and ability to percolate, plays a significant role in evaluation of the stimulation efficiency, optimizing analytical frac models, and ultimately enhancing completion programs.

We have developed a unique approach to understand the influence of fractures on fluid flow and production from impermeable reservoirs and evaluate completion effectiveness. We characterize the microseismicity-derived discrete fracture network in a North American shale-gas reservoir using modified scanline and topology methods. Using concepts of node and branch classification and assessing the number of connections (fracture intersections), the network connectivity is established volumetrically. The zones of permeability enhancement are then identified using the connection per branch and line (CB and CL), tied to percolation thresholds of the fracture system. These zones consist of a primary zone with a high proportion of doubly connected fractures, a secondary zone populated with partially connected fractures, and a tertiary or unstimulated zone dominated by isolated fractures. These divisions are reflected in the deformation that is observed in the reservoir as measured through a cluster-based description of the microseismicity. The primary and secondary zones are considered spanning fracture clusters, and they take part in production, whereas the tertiary zone is recognized as nonspanning fractures, and though it may enhance the bulk permeability of the rock mass, it is unlikely to contribute to reservoir production.

Check out our full article published in SEG Interpretation Journal, Volume 6, Issue 2 or contact us to get a copy.

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Investigation of the impact of depleted zones and completion sequence on hydraulic fracturing performance using microseismic collective behaviour analysis https://www.exploremetakinetic.com/blog/investigation-of-the-impact-of-depleted-zones-and-completion-sequence-on-hydraulic-fracturing-performance-using-microseismic-collective-behaviour-analysis/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=investigation-of-the-impact-of-depleted-zones-and-completion-sequence-on-hydraulic-fracturing-performance-using-microseismic-collective-behaviour-analysis Wed, 30 May 2018 02:00:15 +0000 https://www.exploremetakinetic.com/?p=569 Through an example in the Midland Basin, we demonstrate how dynamic parameters characterize a complex reservoir response to hydraulically-stimulated stacked wells where the completion of the investigated stages on one well (A-well) proceed the treatment of the second well (B-well). These two stacked wells target two different siliciclastic formations within 400 ft, separated by a […]

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Through an example in the Midland Basin, we demonstrate how dynamic parameters characterize a complex reservoir response to hydraulically-stimulated stacked wells where the completion of the investigated stages on one well (A-well) proceed the treatment of the second well (B-well). These two stacked wells target two different siliciclastic formations within 400 ft, separated by a carbonate formation that acts as a hydraulic fracture barrier. Dynamic parameter characterization indicates that the A-well stages generate high anelastic deformation (PI) associated with fluid-driven deformation around the injection interval at early stages of completion where stress is more gradually released through a series of relatively low stress events in a spatially contained target zone (Low SI and DI). The stress-triggered seismicity plays a role for the later event-clusters for these stages. In contrast with this observation, the B-well stages, which are completed after the A-well stages, demonstrate low deformation (Low PI) in the highly stressed rockmass (high SI) where the energy release is more episodic. The presence of the previously stimulated vertical well (depleted zone) in the vicinity of the completed stages can be tracked by the temporal evolution of deformation where high diffusion (high DI) is observed.

Check out the expanded abstract published by CSEG (Geoconvention 2018) or contact us to get a copy.

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Effectiveness of geometric versus variable shot clusters to stimulate a percolating crack network capable of sustaining flow https://www.exploremetakinetic.com/blog/effectiveness-of-geometric-versus-variable-shot-clusters-to-stimulate-a-percolating-crack-network-capable-of-sustaining-flow/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=effectiveness-of-geometric-versus-variable-shot-clusters-to-stimulate-a-percolating-crack-network-capable-of-sustaining-flow Tue, 30 Jan 2018 02:12:23 +0000 https://www.exploremetakinetic.com/?p=575 The perforation strategy for a hydraulic fracture completion for an unconventional reservoir can have a very large influence on the overall success of the injection program at effectively stimulating that network. To evaluate differences in perf clustering methodologies, operators are frequently in need of observational evidence to suggest which strategy is most efficient. We present […]

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The perforation strategy for a hydraulic fracture completion for an unconventional reservoir can have a very large influence on the overall success of the injection program at effectively stimulating that network. To evaluate differences in perf clustering methodologies, operators are frequently in need of observational evidence to suggest which strategy is most efficient. We present a paper where we look at a detailed analysis of microseismicity for different stages with different completion programs.

While event distributions tend to be the first and most frequently examined aspect of a microseismic monitoring effort, because the generation of a microseismic event is not immediately diagnostic of fluid-induced fracturing, the event clouds tend to overestimate the effective area of fracturing. In order to gain further insight into how microseismic events describe effective fracture growth, a deeper look at the waveforms through techniques like Seismic Moment Tensor Inversion (SMTI) and subsequent stress inversion can be effective. These steps are necessary to describe the discrete network of cracks, from the microseismic data. Using a fracture network topology approach, the network can then be characterized in terms of its ability to percolate fluids.

We compare how cracks behave for a regular geometric shot cluster (GSC) and a variable shot cluster (VSC) and assess variations in the stimulations. Both shot clusters were completed in consecutive stages of the same lateral. The mechanisms from the GSC stages show shear-dominant mechanisms with opening and closing components in roughly equal proportions, while the VSC stages have a higher concentration of shear-tensile opening failures. Furthermore, the GSC stages showed modest connectivity around the treatment well relative to the VSC stages, which showed significant growth of connected fractures away from the treatment well. Since the VSC stages also showed relatively more stable stress behaviour than the GSC stages, these observations suggest that stability in stresses allows for steady growth of the fracture network across the reservoir.

This type of higher-order analysis of microseismic data is critical to establishing value from this data stream in terms of completion evaluation. The recognition that each microseismic event is tied to the rupture of a crack in the reservoir allows for these types of comparisons to be made in a robust fashion and be tied to the underlying geomechanics that governs the type of response from one type of completion to the other.

Check out our full article published in SPE (Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference 2018) or contact us to get a copy.

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